OpenBSD
Upgrade Guide: 7.6 to 7.7
[FAQ Index] |
[7.5 -> 7.6]
Upgrades are only supported from one release to the release immediately
following.
Read through and understand this process before attempting it.
For critical or physically remote machines, test it on an identical,
local system first.
Before using any upgrade method
- Check available disk space in /usr.
Verify that the
/usr partition has a size of at least 1.1G.
With less space the upgrade may fail and you should consider reinstalling
the system instead.
- Read configuration and syntax changes and the
package upgrade instructions.
There were several configuration changes
and changes in packages that may
require planning before starting the upgrade.
Upgrade Methods
- Unattended Upgrade:
The easiest method is an unattended upgrade using
sysupgrade(8).
The program will download all the install sets, verify their signatures, and
reboot to perform the upgrade automatically. Once the unattended upgrade has
completed, continue below.
- Interactive Upgrade:
If you insist on leaving out some of the install sets, you will want to
perform an interactive upgrade. (sysupgrade
upgrades with all install sets.)
- Manual Upgrade:
The final option is using the manual upgrade process.
(This is not recommended as it is the most error-prone method.)
Interactive Upgrade
After the Upgrade
After upgrading the sets, the system will reboot with the upgraded
kernel and run sysmerge(8)
during boot. In some cases, configuration files cannot be modified
automatically. Run
# sysmerge
to check and perform these configuration
changes.
Next remove the old files.
Finish up by upgrading the packages using pkg_add -u.
You may wish to check the errata page for
any post-release fixes.
Manual Upgrade (without the install kernel)
This is NOT the recommended process.
Use the unattended or interactive upgrade methods if at all possible!
Sometimes, you need to perform an upgrade of a machine for which the normal
unattended or interactive upgrade process is not possible.
Preparation
- Place install files in a good location.
Make sure you have sufficient space!
Running out of space on a remote upgrade could be...unfortunate.
Having at least 500MB free on
/usr would be recommended.
- Become root.
While using
doas(1)
before each command is generally a good practice, the command will likely
be broken by the last steps, so you should become root before starting
this process.
It might be good to verify your access to root using a method other than
doas at this point, i.e., direct login or using
su(1).
- Stop and/or disable any appropriate applications.
During this process, all the userland applications will be replaced but
may not be runnable, and strange things may happen as a result.
You may also have issues with DNS resolution during the first reboot, so
PF rules and NFS mounts dependent upon DNS may cause boot-up problems.
There may be other applications which you wish to keep from running
immediately after the upgrade; stop and disable them as well.
- Install new boot blocks.
This should actually be done at the end of any upgrade.
If this has been neglected, then failure to do this now may break serial
console or other things, depending on your platform.
Use
installboot(8), assuming
sd0 is your boot disk:
# installboot sd0
Upgrading manually
- Install new kernels.
The extra steps for copying over the primary kernel are done
to ensure that there is always a valid kernel on the disk.
If using the multiprocessor kernel:
# cd /usr/rel # where you put the release files
# ln -f /bsd /obsd && cp bsd.mp /nbsd && mv /nbsd /bsd
# cp bsd.rd /
# cp bsd /bsd.sp
If using the single processor kernel:
# cd /usr/rel # where you put the release files
# ln -f /bsd /obsd && cp bsd /nbsd && mv /nbsd /bsd
# cp bsd.rd bsd.mp / # may give a harmless warning
- Enable KARL.
Store the kernel's checksum:
# sha256 -h /var/db/kernel.SHA256 /bsd
- Install new userland.
Save a copy of reboot(8), extract and install the release tarballs, reboot.
Install
base77.tgz last, because the new base system,
in particular tar(1),
gzip(1) and
reboot(8),
will not work with the old kernel.
Either untar the needed filesets manually:
# cp /sbin/reboot /sbin/oreboot
# tar -C / -xzphf xshare77.tgz
# tar -C / -xzphf xserv77.tgz
# tar -C / -xzphf xfont77.tgz
# tar -C / -xzphf xbase77.tgz
# tar -C / -xzphf man77.tgz
# tar -C / -xzphf game77.tgz
# tar -C / -xzphf comp77.tgz
# tar -C / -xzphf base77.tgz # Install last!
# /sbin/oreboot
or, if you use
ksh(1), you can do:
# cp /sbin/reboot /sbin/oreboot
# for _f in [!b]*77.tgz base77.tgz; do tar -C / -xzphf "$_f" || break; done
# /sbin/oreboot
Note that tar(1)
can expand only one archive per invocation, so a simple glob won't work.
- After reboot, update
/dev.
Run
MAKEDEV(8):
# cd /dev
# ./MAKEDEV all
- Update the boot loader.
Still assuming
sd0 is your boot disk:
# installboot sd0
- Update system configuration files.
Run sysmerge(8):
# sysmerge
- Update firmware.
There may be new firmware for your system.
Update it with
fw_update(8):
# fw_update
- Finish up.
Review the console output from boot (using
dmesg -s)
and correct any failures as necessary.
All the steps following configuration changes
below also apply to manual upgrades.
Finally, remove /sbin/oreboot and update packages:
pkg_add -u.
Reboot once more to make sure you use the newest firmware files
and run on your own kernel generated by KARL.
Configuration and syntax changes
- Nothing of note this release
Files to remove
Special packages
- courier-imap.
On courier-imap and courier-pop3, -noidentlookup option has been removed,
configuration files must be adjusted accordingly.
- mariadb.
MariaDB was updated to the 11.4 branch. Binary logs are no longer purged
by default unless a replica has connected. If you don't use replication,
either set
slave_connections_needed_for_purge=0 in the
[mysqld] section of /etc/my.cnf, or disable
binary logs.
- minio.
The MinIO Gateway and the related filesystem mode entered a feature freeze
in July 2020. In February 2022, MinIO announced the deprecation of the
MinIO Gateway. Along with the deprecation announcement, MinIO also announced
that the feature would be removed in six months time.
The MinIO port has been update to a version where the MinIO Gateway and the
related filesystem mode code have been removed. Deployments still using the
standalone or filesystem MinIO modes that upgrade to that latest version
will fail to start.
The last MinIO version supporting the filesystem mode (0.20221024) is still
available as a package. If you "pkg_add minio" you'll be offered a choice
of versions. The upstream project provides a
procedure to migrate to a new Single-Node Single-Drive deployment.
- postgresql.
There was a major update to PostgreSQL 17.2. Use
pg_upgrade
as described in the postgresql-server pkg-readme or do a dump/restore.
- ttyd.
ttyd has changed from the web-presented terminal being writable by
default, to being read-only. If you require it to accept user input, use
the -W flag.
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$OpenBSD: upgrade77.html,v 1.1 2025/04/24 02:43:20 kmos Exp $
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